
Rousseau in 1753, by Maurice Quentin de La Tour
E.L. Hebden Taylor points out that a significant problem for Western Civilization as it turned away from God, His Word and a Christian worldview (in the 16th & 17th centuries) was how to balance human freedom with the needs of society as a whole.
“Rousseau attempted to solve this problem by means of his theory of the “social contract” which in order to be valid must include precisely the clause that each individual delivers himself with all his natural rights to all, collectively, and thus through becoming subject to the whole by his participation in the “general will” gets back all his natural rights in a higher juridical form…The “general will” is, by Rousseau’s definition, always right. It is the common will of the people. If man himself is the only criterion for moral and political behavior, then the benefit of the majority of men in a given community becomes irresistible. Instead of our doing good to others, it is they who do good to us by allowing us to exist.” (The Christian Philosophy of Law, Politics and the State, pp. 214-215)
And so we see the seeds planted in the soil of intellectual thought that grew to become a Statist view of life, blooming into a form Totalitarian Democracy. Hebden Taylor continues by quoting Rousseau:
“As nature gives each man absolute power over all his members, the social compact gives the body politic absolute power of all its members also; and it is this power which, under the direction of the general will bears…the name of Sovereignty…The most general will is always the most just also, and the voice of the people is in fact the voice of God.” (The Christian Philosophy of Law, Politics and the State, pp. 216)
Hebden Taylor asserts: “With these ominous words, Rousseau, the so-called apostle of human freedom, ushered in the age of totalitarian democracy. His religion stands revealed as the deification of society…Rousseau invented modern democracy. He invented first the dogma that every man has an equal right to a say in government, and secondly, that democracy alone has the right to silence it critics or opponents.”

The storming of the Bastille, 14 July 1789
Thus, Rousseau also became the direct influence of those who led the French Revolution, and the Marxist revolutions to follow.
“Once the mystical idea of the general will was born, once society was credited with the common will, superior to the will of its individual members, eighteenth century rationalism became the instrument of revolutionary violence instead of benevolent despotism.” (The Christian Philosophy of Law, Politics and the State, pp. 218)
Tags: democracy, E. L. Hebden Taylor, general will, philosophy, political theory, Politics, revolution, Rousseau, social contract